- REPORT SUMMARY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
Cyanocobalamin is a man-made form of vitamin B12 used to prevent and treat low blood levels of this vitamin. Most people get enough vitamin B12 from their diet. Vitamin B12 is important to maintain the health of your metabolism, blood cells, and nerves.
This report offers an overview of the market trends, drivers, and barriers with respect to the China Cyanocobalamin Injection market. It also provides a detailed overview of the market of different regions across North China, Central China, South China, East China, Northeast China, Southwest China, Northwest China. The report deep analyzes type and application in China Cyanocobalamin Injection market. Detailed analysis of key players, along with key growth strategies adopted by Cyanocobalamin Injection industry, the PEST and SWOT analysis are also included. In short, the report will provide a comprehensive view of the industry's development and features.
By Player:
Mylan
Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
ANGELINI
Teva (Actavis)
Pfizer
Endo International
Sanofi-Aventis
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Biological E
Bayer HealthCare
CCEPCD
Jamieson
Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
Merck
By Type:
Vitamins
Supplements
By End-User:
Hospitals
Clinics
Others
By Region:
-
North China
-
Central China
-
South China
-
East China
-
Northeast China
-
Southwest China
-
Northwest China
TABLE OF CONTENT
1 Report Overview
-
1.1 Product Definition and Scope
-
1.2 PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological) Analysis of Cyanocobalamin Injection Market
-
1.3 Market Segment by Type
-
1.3.1 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Vitamins from 2016 to 2027
-
1.3.2 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Supplements from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4 Market Segment by Application
-
1.4.1 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Hospitals from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.2 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Clinics from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.3 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Others from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5 Market Segment by Regions
-
1.5.1 North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.2 Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.3 South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.4 East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.5 Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.6 Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.7 Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
2 Market Trends and Competitive Landscape
-
2.1 Market Trends and Dynamics
-
2.1.1 Market Challenges and Restraints
-
2.1.2 Market Opportunities and Potentials
-
2.1.3 Mergers and Acquisitions
-
2.2 Competitive Landscape Analysis
-
2.2.1 Industrial Concentration Analysis
-
2.2.2 Porter's Five Forces Analysis of the Industry
-
2.2.3 SWOT Analysis for New Entrants
-
2.3 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Distribution and its Impact on the Industry
3 Segmentation of Cyanocobalamin Injection Market by Types
-
3.1 Products Development Trends of Different Types
-
3.2 Commercial Products Types of Major Vendors
-
3.3 Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different Types
-
3.4 Market Size of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Major Types
-
3.4.1 Market Size and Growth Rate of Vitamins
-
3.4.2 Market Size and Growth Rate of Supplements
4 Segmentation of Cyanocobalamin Injection Market by End-Users
-
4.1 Downstream Client Analysis by End-Users
-
4.2 Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different End-Users
-
4.3 Market Potential Analysis of Different End-Users
-
4.4 Market Size of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Major End-Users
-
4.4.1 Market Size and Growth Rate of Cyanocobalamin Injection in Hospitals
-
4.4.2 Market Size and Growth Rate of Cyanocobalamin Injection in Clinics
-
4.4.3 Market Size and Growth Rate of Cyanocobalamin Injection in Others
5 Market Analysis by Regions
-
5.1 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production Analysis by Regions
-
5.2 China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Analysis by Regions
-
5.3 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on China Economy
6 North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
6.1 North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
6.2 North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
7 Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
7.1 Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
7.2 Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
8 South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
8.1 South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
8.2 South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
9 East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
9.1 East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
9.2 East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
10 Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
10.1 Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
10.2 Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
11 Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
11.1 Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
11.2 Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
12 Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis
-
12.1 Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
12.2 Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
13 Major Players Profiles
-
13.1 Mylan
-
13.1.1 Mylan Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.1.2 Market Performance
-
13.1.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.2 Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
13.2.1 Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo) Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.2.2 Market Performance
-
13.2.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.3 Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
13.3.1 Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.3.2 Market Performance
-
13.3.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.4 ANGELINI
-
13.4.1 ANGELINI Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.4.2 Market Performance
-
13.4.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.5 Teva (Actavis)
-
13.5.1 Teva (Actavis) Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.5.2 Market Performance
-
13.5.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.6 Pfizer
-
13.6.1 Pfizer Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.6.2 Market Performance
-
13.6.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.7 Endo International
-
13.7.1 Endo International Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.7.2 Market Performance
-
13.7.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.8 Sanofi-Aventis
-
13.8.1 Sanofi-Aventis Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.8.2 Market Performance
-
13.8.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.9 Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
13.9.1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.9.2 Market Performance
-
13.9.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.10 Biological E
-
13.10.1 Biological E Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.10.2 Market Performance
-
13.10.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.11 Bayer HealthCare
-
13.11.1 Bayer HealthCare Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.11.2 Market Performance
-
13.11.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.12 CCEPCD
-
13.12.1 CCEPCD Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.12.2 Market Performance
-
13.12.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.13 Jamieson
-
13.13.1 Jamieson Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.13.2 Market Performance
-
13.13.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.14 Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
13.14.1 Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo) Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.14.2 Market Performance
-
13.14.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
13.15 Merck
-
13.15.1 Merck Company Profile and Recent Development
-
13.15.2 Market Performance
-
13.15.3 Product and Service Introduction
The List of Tables and Figures
-
Figure Product Picture
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Vitamins from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Supplements from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2016
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2021
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2027
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Hospitals from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Clinics from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Market Size and Growth Rate of Others from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2016
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2021
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2027
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Development Trends and Industry Dynamics of Cyanocobalamin Injection Industry
-
Figure Market Challenges and Restraints
-
Figure Market Opportunities and Potentials
-
Table Mergers and Acquisition
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 3 Players in 2020
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 5 Players in 2021
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 6 Players from 2016 to 2021
-
Figure Porter's Five Forces Analysis
-
Figure New Entrant SWOT Analysis
-
Figure Coronavirus (COVID-19) Map of China
-
Table Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on the Industry
-
Figure Specifications of Different Types of Cyanocobalamin Injection
-
Figure Development Trends of Different Types
-
Table Commercial Products Types of Major Vendors
-
Figure Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different Types
-
Table Consumption of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Different Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Consumption Share of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Different Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Vitamins
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Supplements
-
Table Downstream Client Analysis by End-Users
-
Figure Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different End-Users
-
Table Market Potential Analysis of Different End-Users
-
Figure Consumption of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Different End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Consumption Share of Cyanocobalamin Injection by Different End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Hospitals
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Clinics
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Others
-
Table China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production by Regions
-
Table China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production Share by Regions
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production Share by Regions in 2016
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production Share by Regions in 2021
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Production Share by Regions in 2027
-
Table China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Regions
-
Table China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Regions
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Regions in 2016
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Regions in 2021
-
Figure China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Regions in 2027
-
Table North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure North China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Central China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure South China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure East China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Northeast China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Southwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Northwest China Cyanocobalamin Injection Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Mylan
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Mylan
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Mylan
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Mylan
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Mylan
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Mylan (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of ANGELINI
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of ANGELINI
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of ANGELINI
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of ANGELINI
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of ANGELINI
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Teva (Actavis)
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Teva (Actavis)
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Teva (Actavis)
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Teva (Actavis)
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Teva (Actavis)
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Pfizer
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Pfizer
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Pfizer
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Pfizer
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Pfizer
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Endo International
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Endo International
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Endo International
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Endo International
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Endo International
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Sanofi-Aventis
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Sanofi-Aventis
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Sanofi-Aventis
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Sanofi-Aventis
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Sanofi-Aventis
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Bristol-Myers Squibb
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Biological E
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Biological E
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Biological E
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Biological E
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Biological E
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Bayer HealthCare
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Bayer HealthCare
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Bayer HealthCare
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Bayer HealthCare
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Bayer HealthCare
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of CCEPCD
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of CCEPCD
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of CCEPCD
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of CCEPCD
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of CCEPCD
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Jamieson
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Jamieson
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Jamieson
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Jamieson
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Jamieson
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Luitpold Pharmaceuticals (Daiichi Sankyo)
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Merck
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Merck
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Merck
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Merck
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Merck
-