- REPORT SUMMARY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
Sensor faucet is an induction sanitary ware that uses the principle of infrared reflection. When the human hand is placed in the infrared area of the faucet, the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube are reflected in the infrared receiving tube due to the blocking of the hand. The microcomputer processes the signal and sends it to the solenoid valve. After receiving the signal, the solenoid valve opens the valve core according to the specified instruction to control the water outlet.
The water is induced by infrared light, and the user does not need to directly contact the hand with the faucet to prevent secondary pollution after washing the hands, which can effectively avoid the spread of diseases and infection. In addition, the sensor faucet has a good water-saving effect through automatic induction control on and off. Compared with ordinary faucets, the cost of sensor faucets is higher, the dependence on power is greater, and the slower response speed will bring a certain hindrance to the development of the sensor faucet market.
It is expected that strict government policies and regulations on water saving and the growth of global smart buildings will further promote the growth of the sensor faucet market. In addition, the rapid urbanization process worldwide and the growing consumer spending power are other factors that support the growth of the global market.
This report offers an overview of the market trends, drivers, and barriers with respect to the USA Sensor Faucet market. It also provides a detailed overview of the market of different regions across West USA, South USA, Middle West USA, Northeast USA. The report deeply analyzes type and application in the USA Sensor Faucet market. Detailed analysis of key players, along with key growth strategies adopted by Sensor Faucet industry, the PEST and SWOT analysis are also included. In short, the report will provide a comprehensive view of the industry's development and features.
By Player:
LIXIL Group Corporation
Masco Corporation
Moen
Kohler
TOTO
PRESTO Group
Pfister
Oras
GESSI
Geberit
Sloan Valve
Miscea
Advanced Modern Technologies
Beiduo Bathroom
Sunlot Shares
Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
ZILONG
TCK
By Type:
Alternating Current Sensor Faucet
Direct Current Sensor Faucet
By End-User:
Hotels
Offices
Medical Institutions
Kitchen
Others
By Region:
-
West USA
-
South USA
-
Middle West USA
-
Northeast USA
TABLE OF CONTENT
1 Report Overview
-
1.1 Product Definition and Scope
-
1.2 PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological) Analysis of Sensor Faucet Market
-
1.3 Market Segment by Type
-
1.3.1 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Alternating Current Sensor Faucet from 2016 to 2027
-
1.3.2 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Direct Current Sensor Faucet from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4 Market Segment by Application
-
1.4.1 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Hotels from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.2 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Offices from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.3 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Medical Institutions from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.4 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Kitchen from 2016 to 2027
-
1.4.5 USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Others from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5 Market Segment by Regions
-
1.5.1 West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.2 South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.3 Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
1.5.4 Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
2 Market Trends and Competitive Landscape
-
2.1 Market Trends and Dynamics
-
2.1.1 Market Challenges and Restraints
-
2.1.2 Market Opportunities and Potentials
-
2.1.3 Mergers and Acquisitions
-
2.2 Competitive Landscape Analysis
-
2.2.1 Industrial Concentration Analysis
-
2.2.2 Porter's Five Forces Analysis of the Industry
-
2.2.3 SWOT Analysis for New Entrants
-
2.3 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Distribution and its Impact on the Industry
3 Segmentation of Sensor Faucet Market by Types
-
3.1 Products Development Trends of Different Types
-
3.2 Products Types of Major Vendors
-
3.3 Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different Types
-
3.4 Market Size of Sensor Faucet by Major Types
-
3.4.1 Market Size and Growth Rate of Alternating Current Sensor Faucet
-
3.4.2 Market Size and Growth Rate of Direct Current Sensor Faucet
4 Segmentation of Sensor Faucet Market by End-Users
-
4.1 Downstream Client Analysis by End-Users
-
4.2 Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different End-Users
-
4.3 Market Potential Analysis of Different End-Users
-
4.4 Market Size of Sensor Faucet by Major End-Users
-
4.4.1 Market Size and Growth Rate of Sensor Faucet in Hotels
-
4.4.2 Market Size and Growth Rate of Sensor Faucet in Offices
-
4.4.3 Market Size and Growth Rate of Sensor Faucet in Medical Institutions
-
4.4.4 Market Size and Growth Rate of Sensor Faucet in Kitchen
-
4.4.5 Market Size and Growth Rate of Sensor Faucet in Others
5 Market Analysis by Regions
-
5.1 USA Sensor Faucet Production Analysis by Regions
-
5.2 USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Analysis by Regions
-
5.3 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on USA Economy
6 West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis
-
6.1 West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
6.2 West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
7 South USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis
-
7.1 South USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
7.2 South USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
8 Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis
-
8.1 Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
8.2 Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
9 Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis
-
9.1 Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major Types
-
9.2 Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Landscape Analysis by Major End-Users
10 Major Players Profiles
-
10.1 LIXIL Group Corporation
-
10.1.1 LIXIL Group Corporation Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.1.2 Market Performance
-
10.1.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.2 Masco Corporation
-
10.2.1 Masco Corporation Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.2.2 Market Performance
-
10.2.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.3 Moen
-
10.3.1 Moen Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.3.2 Market Performance
-
10.3.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.4 Kohler
-
10.4.1 Kohler Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.4.2 Market Performance
-
10.4.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.5 TOTO
-
10.5.1 TOTO Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.5.2 Market Performance
-
10.5.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.6 PRESTO Group
-
10.6.1 PRESTO Group Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.6.2 Market Performance
-
10.6.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.7 Pfister
-
10.7.1 Pfister Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.7.2 Market Performance
-
10.7.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.8 Oras
-
10.8.1 Oras Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.8.2 Market Performance
-
10.8.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.9 GESSI
-
10.9.1 GESSI Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.9.2 Market Performance
-
10.9.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.10 Geberit
-
10.10.1 Geberit Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.10.2 Market Performance
-
10.10.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.11 Sloan Valve
-
10.11.1 Sloan Valve Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.11.2 Market Performance
-
10.11.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.12 Miscea
-
10.12.1 Miscea Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.12.2 Market Performance
-
10.12.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.13 Advanced Modern Technologies
-
10.13.1 Advanced Modern Technologies Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.13.2 Market Performance
-
10.13.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.14 Beiduo Bathroom
-
10.14.1 Beiduo Bathroom Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.14.2 Market Performance
-
10.14.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.15 Sunlot Shares
-
10.15.1 Sunlot Shares Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.15.2 Market Performance
-
10.15.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.16 Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
10.16.1 Fuzhou Sanxie Electron Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.16.2 Market Performance
-
10.16.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.17 GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
10.17.1 GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.17.2 Market Performance
-
10.17.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.18 YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
10.18.1 YOCOSS Electronic Equipment Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.18.2 Market Performance
-
10.18.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.19 Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
10.19.1 Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.19.2 Market Performance
-
10.19.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.20 ZILONG
-
10.20.1 ZILONG Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.20.2 Market Performance
-
10.20.3 Product and Service Introduction
-
10.21 TCK
-
10.21.1 TCK Company Profile and Recent Development
-
10.21.2 Market Performance
-
10.21.3 Product and Service Introduction
The List of Tables and Figures
-
Figure Product Picture
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Alternating Current Sensor Faucet from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Direct Current Sensor Faucet from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2016
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2020
-
Figure Market Share by Type in 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Hotels from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Offices from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Medical Institutions from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Kitchen from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Market Size and Growth Rate of Others from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2016
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2020
-
Figure Market Share by End-User in 2027
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Market Size and Growth Rate from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Development Trends and Industry Dynamics of Sensor Faucet Industry
-
Figure Market Challenges and Restraints
-
Figure Market Opportunities and Potentials
-
Table Mergers and Acquisition
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 3 Players in 2019
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 5 Players in 2019
-
Figure Market Share of TOP 6 Players from 2016 to 2020
-
Figure Porter's Five Forces Analysis
-
Figure New Entrant SWOT Analysis
-
Figure Coronavirus (COVID-19) Distribution Map of USA
-
Table Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on the Industry
-
Figure Specifications of Different Types of Sensor Faucet
-
Figure Development Trends of Different Types
-
Table Products Types of Major Vendors
-
Figure Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different Types
-
Table Consumption of Sensor Faucet by Different Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Consumption Share of Sensor Faucet by Different Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Alternating Current Sensor Faucet
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Direct Current Sensor Faucet
-
Table Downstream Client Analysis by End-Users
-
Figure Competitive Landscape Analysis of Different End-Users
-
Table Market Potential Analysis of Different End-Users
-
Figure Consumption of Sensor Faucet by Different End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Consumption Share of Sensor Faucet by Different End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Hotels
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Offices
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Medical Institutions
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Kitchen
-
Figure Market Size and Growth Rate of Others
-
Table USA Sensor Faucet Production by Regions
-
Table USA Sensor Faucet Production Share by Regions
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Production Share by Regions in 2016
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Production Share by Regions in 2021
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Production Share by Regions in 2027
-
Table USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by Regions
-
Table USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Regions
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Regions in 2016
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Regions in 2021
-
Figure USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Regions in 2027
-
Table West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure South USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Middle West USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2016
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2021
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by Types in 2027
-
Table Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Table Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users from 2016 to 2027
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2016
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2021
-
Figure Northeast USA Sensor Faucet Consumption Share by End-Users in 2027
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of LIXIL Group Corporation
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of LIXIL Group Corporation
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of LIXIL Group Corporation
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of LIXIL Group Corporation
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of LIXIL Group Corporation
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Masco Corporation
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Masco Corporation
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Masco Corporation
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Masco Corporation
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Masco Corporation
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Moen
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Moen
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Moen
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Moen
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Moen
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Kohler
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Kohler
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Kohler
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Kohler
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Kohler
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of TOTO
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of TOTO
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of TOTO
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of TOTO
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of TOTO
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of PRESTO Group
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of PRESTO Group
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of PRESTO Group
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of PRESTO Group
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of PRESTO Group
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Pfister
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Pfister
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Pfister
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Pfister
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Pfister
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Oras
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Oras
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Oras
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Oras
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Oras
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of GESSI
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of GESSI
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of GESSI
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of GESSI
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of GESSI
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Geberit
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Geberit
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Geberit
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Geberit
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Geberit
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Sloan Valve
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Sloan Valve
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Sloan Valve
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Sloan Valve
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Sloan Valve
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Miscea
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Miscea
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Miscea
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Miscea
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Miscea
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Advanced Modern Technologies
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Advanced Modern Technologies
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Advanced Modern Technologies
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Advanced Modern Technologies
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Advanced Modern Technologies
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Beiduo Bathroom
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Beiduo Bathroom
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Beiduo Bathroom
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Beiduo Bathroom
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Beiduo Bathroom
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Sunlot Shares
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Sunlot Shares
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Sunlot Shares
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Sunlot Shares
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Sunlot Shares
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Fuzhou Sanxie Electron
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of GLLO (Fujian) Smart Kitchen & Bathroom Stock
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of YOCOSS Electronic Equipment
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of Fuzhou GIBO Induction Satinary Ware
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of ZILONG
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of ZILONG
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of ZILONG
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of ZILONG
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of ZILONG
-
Table Company Profile and Development Status of TCK
-
Table Sales, Revenue, Sales Price and Gross Margin Analysis of TCK
-
Figure Sales and Growth Rate Analysis of TCK
-
Figure Revenue and Market Share Analysis of TCK
-
Table Product and Service Introduction of TCK
-