- REPORT SUMMARY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
Adhesive Films are layers of sheets and tapes made of materials such as polymers, papers, and textiles having adhesive on either or both side of its surface.Hot-Melt Adhesive Film is one type of many adhesive films. There are other types like pressure-sensitive adhesive film and light-cured adhesive film,etc.
This report elaborates on the current development of the Hot-Melt Adhesive Film industry thoroughly based on the international market dynamics and China's market situation.
For a start, the report provides an in-depth analysis of the current market situation through three different aspects - by region, by type and by application, which includes market distribution of different types and applications, import and export analysis of major regions, development trends of different types of products in each region, market opportunities and market restrains of different applications.
Secondly, this report lists the major players in the industry, displaying their market positions and strengths and weaknesses of their products, picturing the current competitive situation of the whole market.
Last but not least, the report analyzes and predicts the investment prospects and risks in the industry on the basis of industry data, combined with experts' opinions and suggestions.
By Player:
HB Fuller Company
Jowat Se
Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD
Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd
DOW Corning Corporation
Dow Chemical Company
3M Company
Adhesive Direct UK
Arkema
BASF SE
KGaA
Avery Dennison Corporation
Costchem SRL
Tex Year Industries Inc
By Type:
Silicone
Epoxy
Acrylic
Polyurethane
Others
By Application:
Automotive
Packaging
Others
Medical
Construction
Electric & Electronic devices
By Research Region:
-
North China
-
Central China
-
South China
-
East China
-
Northeast China
-
Southwest China
-
Northwest China
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Overview 2018-2029
-
1.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Development Overview
-
1.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Development History
-
1.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Market Size (2018-2029)
-
1.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis by Type from Production Side
-
1.4.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Silicone (2018-2029)
-
1.4.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Epoxy (2018-2029)
-
1.4.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Acrylic (2018-2029)
-
1.4.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Polyurethane (2018-2029)
-
1.4.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2029)
-
1.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis by Application from Consumption End
-
1.5.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Automotive (2018-2029)
-
1.5.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Packaging (2018-2029)
-
1.5.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2029)
-
1.5.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Medical (2018-2029)
-
1.5.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Construction (2018-2029)
-
1.5.6 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Electric & Electronic devices (2018-2029)
-
1.6 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis by Region
-
1.6.1 North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.2 Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.3 South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.4 East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.5 Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.6 Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
1.6.7 Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
Chapter 2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Development Environment
-
2.1 Industry Development Environment Analysis
-
2.1.1 Industry Technological Progress Analysis
-
2.1.2 Industrial Organizational Innovation Analysis
-
2.1.3 Changes in Social Habits
-
2.1.4 Alterations in Government Policies
-
2.1.5 Impact of Economic Globalization
-
2.2 Domestic and Foreign Industry Competition Analysis
-
2.2.1 Comparative Analysis on Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Status and Competition at home and abroad in 2023
-
2.2.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Status and Competition Analysis in 2023
-
2.2.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Concentration Analysis in 2023
-
2.3 Problems and Countermeasures in the development of China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry
-
2.3.1 Industry Development Constraints
-
2.3.2 Industry Development Considerations
-
2.3.3 Suggestions on Industry Development Measures
-
2.3.4 Development Strategies for SMEs
-
2.4 Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Development
Chapter 3 Hot-Melt Adhesive FilmIndustry Chain Analysis
-
3.1 Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Chain
-
3.2 Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Upstream Industry Analysis
-
3.2.1 Upstream Industry Development Status
-
3.2.2 Upstream Industry Development Forecast
-
3.2.3 Impact of Upstream Industry on the Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market
-
3.3 Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Downstream Industry Analysis
-
3.3.1 Downstream Industry Development Status
-
3.3.2 Downstream Industry Development Forecast
-
3.3.3 Impact of Downstream Industry on the Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market
Chapter 4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
4.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Trend, by Type
-
4.2 Product Types of Major Suppliers
-
4.3 Competitive Landscape of Major Types
-
4.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Total Production Volume and Growth Rate from Production Side
-
4.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate, by Type
-
4.5.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Silicone
-
4.5.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Epoxy
-
4.5.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Acrylic
-
4.5.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Polyurethane
-
4.5.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Others
Chapter 5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
-
5.1 Downstream Market Overview
-
5.2 Competitive Landscape of Major Applications
-
5.3 Market Potential Analysis, by Application
-
5.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Total Market Size and Growth Rate from Consumption End
-
5.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate, by Application
-
5.5.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Automotive
-
5.5.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Packaging
-
5.5.3 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Others
-
5.5.4 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Medical
-
5.5.5 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Construction
-
5.5.6 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Electric & Electronic devices
Chapter 6 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Region
-
6.1 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Production Value, by Region
-
6.2 China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume and Sales Value, by Region
Chapter 7 North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
7.1 North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
7.2 North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 8 Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
8.1 Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
8.2 Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 9 South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
9.1 South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
9.2 South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 10 East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
10.1 East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
10.2 East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 11 Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
11.1 Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
11.2 Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 12 Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
12.1 Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
12.2 Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 13 Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Analysis
-
13.1 Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Type
-
13.2 Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market, by Application
Chapter 14 Company Profiles
-
14.1 HB Fuller Company
-
14.1.1 HB Fuller Company Company Profile
-
14.1.2 HB Fuller Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.1.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.2 Jowat Se
-
14.2.1 Jowat Se Company Profile
-
14.2.2 Jowat Se Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.2.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.3 Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD
-
14.3.1 Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD Company Profile
-
14.3.2 Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.3.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.4 Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd
-
14.4.1 Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd Company Profile
-
14.4.2 Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.4.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.5 DOW Corning Corporation
-
14.5.1 DOW Corning Corporation Company Profile
-
14.5.2 DOW Corning Corporation Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.5.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.6 Dow Chemical Company
-
14.6.1 Dow Chemical Company Company Profile
-
14.6.2 Dow Chemical Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.6.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.7 3M Company
-
14.7.1 3M Company Company Profile
-
14.7.2 3M Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.7.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.8 Adhesive Direct UK
-
14.8.1 Adhesive Direct UK Company Profile
-
14.8.2 Adhesive Direct UK Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.8.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.9 Arkema
-
14.9.1 Arkema Company Profile
-
14.9.2 Arkema Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.9.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.10 BASF SE
-
14.10.1 BASF SE Company Profile
-
14.10.2 BASF SE Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.10.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.11 KGaA
-
14.11.1 KGaA Company Profile
-
14.11.2 KGaA Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.11.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.12 Avery Dennison Corporation
-
14.12.1 Avery Dennison Corporation Company Profile
-
14.12.2 Avery Dennison Corporation Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.12.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.13 Costchem SRL
-
14.13.1 Costchem SRL Company Profile
-
14.13.2 Costchem SRL Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.13.3 Product&Service Introduction
-
14.14 Tex Year Industries Inc
-
14.14.1 Tex Year Industries Inc Company Profile
-
14.14.2 Tex Year Industries Inc Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Performance
-
14.14.3 Product&Service Introduction
Chapter 15 Research Conclusions and Investment Suggestions
-
15.1 Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Research Conclusions
-
15.2 Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Investment Suggestions
-
15.2.1 Suggestions on Industry Development Strategy
-
15.2.2 Suggestions on Industry Investment Direction
-
15.2.3 Suggestions on Industry Investment Strategy
List of Tables and Figures
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Market Size (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Silicone (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Epoxy (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Acrylic (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Polyurethane (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume, Production Value and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Automotive (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Packaging (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Medical (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Construction (2018-2029)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume, Sales Value and Growth Rate of Electric & Electronic devices (2018-2029)
-
Figure North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate from 2018-2029
-
Figure Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Industry Chain
-
Table Product Types of Major Suppliers in 2023
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Share by Type in 2018
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Share by Type in 2023
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Total Production Volume and Growth Rate from Production Side (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Silicone (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Epoxy (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Acrylic (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Polyurethane (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Share by Application in 2018
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Share by Application in 2023
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Total Market Size and Growth Rate from Consumption End
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Automotive (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Packaging (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Others (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Medical (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Construction (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Market Size and Growth Rate of Electric & Electronic devices (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Value by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Value Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Value Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Value by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Value Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Figure China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Value Share by Region (2018-2023)
-
Table North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure North China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure Central China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure South China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure East China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure Northeast China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure Southwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Figure Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Production Volume Share by Type (2018-2023)
-
Table Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Figure Northwest China Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Sales Volume Share by Application (2018-2023)
-
Table HB Fuller Company Company Profile
-
Table HB Fuller Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Jowat Se Company Profile
-
Table Jowat Se Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD Company Profile
-
Table Adtek Malaysia SDN BHD Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd Company Profile
-
Table Beardow & Adams (Adhesives) Ltd Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table DOW Corning Corporation Company Profile
-
Table DOW Corning Corporation Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Dow Chemical Company Company Profile
-
Table Dow Chemical Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table 3M Company Company Profile
-
Table 3M Company Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Adhesive Direct UK Company Profile
-
Table Adhesive Direct UK Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Arkema Company Profile
-
Table Arkema Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table BASF SE Company Profile
-
Table BASF SE Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table KGaA Company Profile
-
Table KGaA Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Avery Dennison Corporation Company Profile
-
Table Avery Dennison Corporation Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Costchem SRL Company Profile
-
Table Costchem SRL Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-
Table Tex Year Industries Inc Company Profile
-
Table Tex Year Industries Inc Hot-Melt Adhesive Film Revenue, Price and Gross (2018-2023)
-