Any mechanical equipment and various moving vehicles must have braking or transmission devices. Friction material is a key component of this kind of brake or transmission device, which mainly includes brake lining and clutch face plate. Its main function is to absorb or transmit power through friction, such as clutch plate transmitting power, brake pad Absorb kinetic energy. They enable mechanical equipment and various motor vehicles to work safely and reliably. Therefore, friction material is a widely used and extremely critical material.
Global Railway Friction Material Industry Status Analysis and Prospect Forecast
The friction material is a polymer ternary composite material, which is a complex of physics and chemistry. It is composed of three major types of polymer binder (resin and rubber), reinforcing fiber, friction performance modifier and other compounding agents, and is a product made through a series of production processes. The friction material has good friction coefficient and wear resistance, and has certain heat resistance and mechanical strength. It can meet the performance requirements of vehicles or machinery for transmission and braking. It is widely used in automobiles, trains, airplanes, oil drilling rigs, etc. In terms of various types of construction machinery and equipment, the application in the railway industry is mainly reflected in the modes of transportation such as trains, EMUs, and high-speed rails. In 2020, trains will account for as much as 53.2% of the market. The technical principle of train braking is more complicated than that of automobiles. Trains are faster and heavier than automobiles. The friction between automobile tires and the ground is rougher with rubber and cement, while the friction between train wheels and rails is smoother with steel and steel. The friction force when the car brakes is greater than that of the train, which indicates that the train is more difficult to stop than the car. In comparison, the performance requirements of all aspects of railway friction materials are higher, including brake pads, shoes, Brake pads, as of 2020, the market share of brake pads is 32.94%, ranking first; the market share of brake shoes is 31.92%, ranking second; the market share of brake pads is 21.10%, Ranked third.
The history of the development of the world’s railways has a history of more than 170 years from the official operation of the world’s first railway to the present. European countries have begun to build railways as early as 1825. The history of railway development is much earlier than that of some relatively backward countries. In terms of technology, the number of railway mileage is better. As of 2020, the market share of railway friction materials in Europe is as high as 43.05%, while the overall development level of Southeast Asia is not good. The market share of railway friction materials is only 2.14%. With the rapid economic development, the income level of residents has increased, consumption power has risen accordingly, and people’s demand for travel has continued to rise. The number of new railway mileage has continued to increase worldwide, especially the emerging economy in the Asia-Pacific region has developed rapidly in recent years. In 2019, China has laid 8489 kilometers of new railway lines, of which 5474 kilometers are high-speed railways. In 2020, the market share of China's railway friction material industry is 19.48%. According to the global economic development trend, the market share of the railway friction material industry in the Chinese market It is expected to continue to rise. Since Japan built the first high-speed railway in 1964, countries around the world have begun to build high-speed railways. Compared with ordinary railways, high-speed railways have obvious advantages in timeliness. High-speed railways in economically developed areas have maintained rapid growth throughout the year. It is slowly replacing the dominant position of ordinary railways. In some relatively backward countries, the development of high-speed railway construction is slow, and under the circumstances of sustained economic development in the future, these regions will all contribute to the global railway friction material industry.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Railway Friction Material Industry
With the further acceleration of the process of globalization, trade exchanges between countries have become more frequent. In addition to passenger transport, rail transportation is also increasingly important in foreign trade. Freight railroads in many countries are directly connected to ports and cooperate with shipping to use containers. The transportation of goods has greatly reduced transportation costs. In the future, this model is expected to be further developed and improved. Railway brake materials are consumables, and the higher the speed per hour, the higher the demand for friction materials. Therefore, whether it is the steady increase in the total railway mileage or the gradual increase in the trial production share of high-speed rail, the development of the railway friction material market A great boost, the global railway friction material market value reached 697 million U.S. dollars as of 2019, but in 2020, affected by the epidemic, the global railway friction material market value fell to 650 million U.S. dollars.
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020, the virus has spread to all parts of the world, spreading widely, causing great harm to the global economy, and the impact of the epidemic varies from industry to industry. During the epidemic, governments of various countries have introduced a series of measures such as extending holidays and delaying operations to control the flow of people and reduce the occurrence of cross-infection. Many companies cannot carry out normal production and operation. Home quarantine on a global scale has a huge blow to the transportation industry. However, the impact of COVID-19 on the global friction material industry is expected to be only temporary. After the epidemic is restored, it will continue to show its vitality for development.
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