Mini LEDs Have Significant Advantages and Are Expected to be Upgraded Rapidly; The Upstream Chip Manufacturing Will Benefit the Most

The full name of LED is Light Emitting Diode, which is a semiconductor component that can transform electric energy into Light energy. It is mainly composed of five materials including bracket, silver glue, wafer, gold wire and epoxy resin. It changed the luminous principle of incandescent tungsten light and energy-saving light sanki toner, using the electroluminescence instead. Known as the fourth generation of lighting source or green light source, LEDs have the features of energy saving, environmental protection, long life, small volume etc, and are widely used in all kinds of instructions, display, adornment, back light, general lighting and urban night scene, etc. 

As the name suggests, Mini LEDs are much smaller than regular LEDs, and diodes smaller than 0.2 mm are usually classified as mini LEDs. Mini LED is a new display technology that can improve contrast and have deeper blacks than traditional LED panels. 

According to the different sizes, Mini LED is divided into two categories --50~100um and 100 ~200um, among which the most used is 100~200um size. In terms of different application fields, Mini LED is mainly used in smartphones, automotive, TVs and monitors. Among them, the application of Mini LED in the monitor industry accounts for the largest market share, accounting for 68.38% of the market in 2020. LED for TV ranked second with 20.85% market share. 

Market Development Status and Prospect Forecast of Global Mini LED Industry 

The Asia-pacific region is the largest revenue market for the Mini LED industry in the world. In 2020, the region accounted for 57.52% of the global market share and the market revenue was $144.98 million. North America and Europe ranked second and third with 19.82% and 18.44% market shares respectively. However, based on data analysis and model derivation, we predict that the market share of the Asia-Pacific region in the global Mini LED industry will continue to decline during the forecast period, and will decrease to 53.51% by 2025. In contrast, the market share of North America and Europe will increase to varying degrees during the forecast period. 

The leading companies in the global Mini LED industry are all from the Asia-pacific region. The top 3 companies are Epistar and San\'an Optoelectronics from China and Nichia from Japan. In 2020, their market shares were 23.19%, 20.19% and 17.67%, respectively. The top 3 enterprises occupy more than 70% market share of the industry, which shows that the industry has a high degree of market concentration. 

Epistar manufactures and sells LED chips and epitaxial wafers, whose products are sold in Taiwan and exported to various parts of the world.  Today, Epistar has become a global major LED supplier and works with some of the leading brands in the world to promote LED applications on mobile screens, laptops, TVS and other devices. 

San \'an Optoelectronics was founded in November 2000, mainly engaged in the R&D, production and sales of full-color ultra-high brightness LED epitaxy, chips, III-V composite semiconductor, microwave communication IC and power devices, optical communication components, whose products feature leading performance. In 2014, after the completion of GaAs high-speed semiconductor and GaN high-power semiconductor projects, San \'an Optoelectronics increased the industrialization of LED epitaxial chip R&D and manufacturing and invested in IC industry.  Relying on its own advantages, the company invested 33.3 billion yuan in 2018 to develop III-V compound semiconductor materials, LED epitaxial chips, chips, microwave IC, optical communication, RF filters, power electronics, SIC materials and devices, special devices and other industries.  After the full completion of the project in 2022, San \'an Optoelectronics will occupy a place in the whole industry chain of high-end composite semiconductors and become a leading enterprise with technological strength and production capacity.

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According to research data, the global market value of the Mini LED industry was $119.16 million in 2019 and grew to $252.06 million in 2020.  Based on this data and combined with the market environment and development rules, we conducted a series of function calculations and deduced the data of the next five years with scientific model. Finally, it can be predicted that by 2025, the total market value of the global Mini LED industry will reach $2656.63 million, and the industry will develop rapidly in 2021-2025. 

Mini LEDs Have Significant Advantages and Are Expected to be Upgraded Rapidly; Upstream Chip Manufacturing Will Benefit the Most 

Mini LED bears the characteristics of small-spacing LED with high efficiency, high reliability, high brightness and fast response time, but the technical difficulty is lower than Micro LED, LED is easier to realize mass production.  Therefore, Mini LED is a transitional solution between small pitch LED and Micro LED, and the product is expected to be upgraded rapidly. In addition, compared with OLED, Mini LED has advantages in yield, cost, energy saving and display performance. At present, the two key packaging technologies of Mini LED, COB and IMD, have made breakthroughs, which will strongly promote the rapid development of Mini LED in LCD backlight and display field. 

The LED industry chain can be divided into three parts: chip manufacturing, packaging and application. According to the benefit degree, the upstream chip manufacturing will undoubtedly become the most beneficial link. In the explosion growth of LED lighting industry, the upstream epitaxial and chip link performance is the most elastic upward. Because the chip manufacturing in LED industry chain technology content is high. Therefore, companies with R&D technology, proprietary technology, and scale advantages will benefit the most. 

However, the extremely small size of the Mini LED presents challenges for electrode structure design, welding flatness and weldability, and packaging freedom. From the point of view of display, the size of Mini LED chip is very small. When transmitting red light chip in flip chip packaging process, the whole process is very complicated, and the chip transfer technology, yield and reliability of using process are technical difficulties.  From a backlight perspective, end-products such as TVS and laptops require ultra-thin, Mini LEDs must maintain a small optical distance (OD), and have high requirements for light output control of the Mini LED chip and color consistency during use of the LCD panel. Thus, technical barrier has brought huge challenges to the development of the Mini LED industry.

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