Satellites have a wide range of uses and types, and can be roughly divided into three categories: scientific satellites, technology test satellites and application satellites. Scientific satellites, technology test satellites and application satellites. Scientific satellites are satellites used for scientific exploration and research, mainly including space physical exploration satellites and astronomical satellites, used to study the atmosphere, radiation belts, magnetosphere, cosmic rays, solar radiation, etc. of a certain planet, and can observe other stars. At present, most of the artificial satellites in the world are artificial earth satellites. The man-made earth satellite has the ability to observe the earth in all directions. A satellite operating in the orbit of the late arrival can cover an area of 163 million square kilometers of the earth’s surface, which is more than 5600 times more than the area covered by an 8,000-meter high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft. For the completion of communications, reconnaissance, navigation and other tasks, it has advantages unmatched by other means. It has extremely important military and economic value, and its development is also extremely rapid. The widespread application of artificial satellites in various fields has revolutionized the traditional civilization and military technology of mankind.
The Current Market Situation and Prospect Forecast of the Satellite Ground Station Equipment Status Industry
The satellite ground receiving station is composed of a parabolic antenna, a feed source, a tuner, and a satellite receiver. The parabolic antenna reflects the energy of the satellite signal from the air into a point. It is a device that converts electromagnetic field energy into high-frequency electric energy or low-frequency electric energy. The feed is a horn that collects satellite signals at the focal point of the parabolic antenna, also known as a corrugated horn. The main purpose is to collect the electromagnetic wave signal received by the antenna, transform it into a signal voltage, supply the tuner, and polarize the received electromagnetic wave. The tuner is to down-frequency and amplify the satellite signal sent by the feeder and then transmit it to the satellite receiver. The satellite receiver demodulates the satellite signal sent by the tuner to demodulate the satellite TV image or digital signal and audio signal.
Satellite ground receiving station equipment can be divided into: network operation center equipment, very small aperture terminal equipment, antenna, power unit. The function of the antenna is the signal transmitted by the mobile phone from the satellite, usually in a parabolic shape. At present, very small aperture terminal equipment is one of the hot spots in the field of satellite communication. It can provide a variety of communication services, including telex, data, fax, telephone, broadcasting, image, television, etc., but users can save about one-third of the cost. cost. The wider application range and lower price make it more suitable for commercial use. As of 2019, the market share of antennas is 43.31%, ranking first; the market share of power units is 21.12%, ranking second; the market share of very small aperture terminal equipment is 15.38%, ranking third.
The first artificial earth satellite in human history was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. The space race between the former Soviet Union and the United States accelerated the emergence and development of the aviation industry. Then in 1958, the United States also completed its first satellite launch. Later, developed countries such as France and Japan also launched artificial satellites one after another. As of the end of the 20th century, only a few countries in the world have the ability to independently launch satellites, and more countries actually have the ability to design and manufacture satellites, but cannot launch them and must rely on foreign launch services. At present, including satellites in orbit and out of service, there are currently 7,070 satellites coexisting in earth orbit, of which 3395 belong to the United States, 1553 belong to Russia and the former Soviet Union countries, and 453 belong to China. There is a huge gap in the development capabilities of countries around the world in aerospace industry, which can reflect national strength to a certain extent. As of 2019, Europe's market share is 21.02%; the Asia-Pacific region has a market share of 31.25%; the Americas has a market share of 44.04%.
For a powerful country, aerospace technology is a core criterion for evaluation. In addition, aerospace technology is also an important part of the defense technology industry. During the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, the space race between these two countries was more of a political culture. However, as the aerospace industry penetrated into many fields of human daily life, science and technology, and military and played a vital role, the space race became a competition for the international status of various countries. It can be said that countries all over the world attach great importance to the development of aerospace industry, and competition is particularly fierce against international powers such as the United States and China. The development of artificial satellite ground equipment is very fast. As of 2019, the market value of the industry is 26.288 billion U.S. dollars.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Satellite Ground Station Equipment Status
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020, the virus has spread to all parts of the world, spreading widely, and causing great harm to the global economy. During the epidemic, governments of various countries have introduced a series of measures such as extending holidays and delaying operations to control the flow of people and reduce the occurrence of cross-infection. Many companies are unable to carry out normal production and operation, which has caused a great blow to the global supply chain. The epidemic has affected artificial satellites. The impact of ground equipment is also reflected here. Affected by the epidemic, logistics delays are serious, and the supply of raw materials is tight, which has hindered the normal production of enterprises. However, the impact of the epidemic on the ground equipment of artificial satellites is expected to be only temporary. After the epidemic, the ground equipment of artificial satellites is expected to continue to develop vigorously.
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