A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine (although there are also pneumatic and hydraulic reciprocating engines) that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion. Reciprocating engines operate by converting the heat and pressure released during combustion of fuel mixed with air into mechanical energy. Moreover, reciprocating engines are usually fueled by natural gas, diesel, propane, or even gasoline. In addition, in regard to the working mechanism, the power created by reciprocating engines comes from pressurizing fuel using a piston or pistons to create combustion and, in turn, produce a circular, rotating motion. This process is called the four-stroke cycle as, like a rotary engine, reciprocating engines rely on a repeating pattern of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust to function. Reciprocating engines come in different configurations to fit specific machines or tasks and are the most common type of engine found in current vehicles.
Reciprocating engines can be divided into diesel, dual fuel and gas. Reciprocating engines that uses diesel, are internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to the mechanical compression (adiabatic compression); thus, the diesel engine is a so-called compression-ignition engine (CI engine). Reciprocating Engines run on either natural gas or gasoline. While not necessarily optimized for natural gas operation, they tend to be more environmentally friendly than petrol engines and have the advantage of running on petrol in the event that a natural gas fueling station is not readily available. Reciprocating Engines that uses gas are internal combustion engine that runs on a gaseous fuel, such as coal gas, producer gas, biogas, landfill gas or natural gas, which has a more complete combustion cycle, and therefore causes fewer pollutants to enter into the air. Reciprocating Engines that uses gas offer a great efficiency and performance while reducing fuel consumption and emissions – for greener energy. In 2019, the market share of these three types of were 64.48%, 5.28% and 30.24% respectively.
Reciprocating engine can be applied to mining equipment, which reliably power mining equipment such as blast hole drilling rigs, excavators and wheel loaders. Reciprocating engines find work in multiple power generation applications. Power plants constructed with reciprocating engines are the ideal complement to intermittent renewables. Reciprocating can be used to marine propulsion such as power a ship or boat. Marine propulsion is the mechanism or system used to generate thrust to move a ship or boat across water. While paddles and sails are still used on some smaller boats, most modern ships are propelled by mechanical systems consisting of an electric motor or engine. Reciprocating engine generators can be deployed at oil and gas sites to support the resilience of operations of a facility, help to improve efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. In 2019, the market shares of these four types of application areas were 13.55 percent, 38.27%, 29.20%, and 18.99%.
Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Reciprocating Engines Industry Development
The impact of the epidemic on reciprocating engines is reflected in various aspects, such as the lack of raw materials, the interruption of sales channels, the reduction of investment funds, and the reduction of downstream demand. Among them, downstream reduction in market demand has the greatest impact on the development of the reciprocating engine industry.
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Furthermore, reciprocating engines has been widely used in various industry. The COVID-19 virus also has a certain degree of impact on these downstream industries. Touching on its influence on marine industry, the global shipping and shipbuilding market is sluggish. Industry demand has declined significantly. At present, orders for new ships worldwide have dropped significantly. Besides, in regard with the impact to mining industry, share prices of all base metals miners and many of the products have collapsed during the outbreak as fears of a global recession have taken hold, the spread of the epidemic has caused serious damage to the mining industry, which also hiders the consumption and demand of reciprocating engines. Meanwhile, as a complex industrial product consisting of tens of thousands of parts, the epidemic will push up the cost of automobile manufacturers. In addition to the impact on market supply and demand in the first quarter, the continuation of the epidemic will have a knock-on effect on three sectors of the auto industry: marketing, supply chain and cash flow. In addition to the above three fields of application, reciprocating engines has also been affected to different degrees in other application fields. Although various industries around the world are gradually resuming work, production and demand will not pick up rapidly and substantially, and will require a certain recovery period. The global reciprocating engine market is expected to be worth 7613.04 M USD in 2020, showing a negative growth trend.
In the past two decades, reciprocating engines have made significant progress in improving efficiency and reducing emissions. Improvements in raw materials and design allow the engine to run at higher speeds and power densities while still maintaining a longer service life. Ongoing technological advancement along with favorable government norms toward sustainable power generation will propel the product demand. Ongoing utilization of cogeneration technologies along with rising investments toward sustainable energy generation technologies will drive the industry growth. In the downstream demand consumer market, the development of industry and commerce has led to high electricity consumption. What is more, the fact that most of the automobiles manufactured currently have reciprocating engines installed further aids the market growth. Countries around the world are in a zest to mechanize it farming sector in order to improve the production. This impacts the market growth for reciprocating engines positively. In addition, technologically advanced reciprocating engines with enhanced cylinder volume and flexible fuel mixture will increase the applicability across the landfill and biogas plants. Therefore, these factors are expected to drive the demand for reciprocating engines industry.
According to the third-party base, total coal consumption for 2019 in the U.S. declined by 14% when compared with 2018 levels and is anticipated to decline by a further 4% by the end of 2020. Gas-fired generators have low carbon emissions and high combustion efficiency, meeting the global goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from manufacturing to achieve carbon neutrality. They are in line with government energy-saving policies. Companies can receive financial subsidies and incentives, get more investment, and further promote reciprocating engines. The development of the industry allows companies to update and develop products to achieve more efficient and energy-saving products, forming a virtuous circle. The value of reciprocating engines markets is supposed to be 9646.47 M USD by 2025.
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